E. coli protein-expression prediction and an MCP design assistant
Used public experimental measurements of promoter–RBS (ribosome binding site) combinations to test whether RNA structural information improves predictions for unseen elements, and connected the model to natural-language design tools.
Work and methods: E. coli protein-expression prediction and an MCP design assistant
- Integrated three public experimental tables and cleaned 11,696 promoter–RBS combinations. Reconstructed RNA sequences around the protein translation-initiation region using measured transcription start sites, computed RNA structural accessibility, and used XGBoost with 12 sequence and structural features to predict relative protein expression (a fluorescence measure).
- To evaluate unseen elements, held out promoters, RBSs, and both together, separating element identities between training and testing. Used five-fold validation, compared with an XGBoost model using nine sequence-only features under the same conditions, and estimated differences with 1,000 grouped bootstrap iterations.
- Adding structural features reduced log mean absolute error (log-MAE) for the protein/RNA ratio, a translation-related proxy, by approximately 10%–13%. Improvement direction was consistent across four split seeds. These results come from data evaluation in a fixed reporter-protein context.
- Exposed nine tools for sequence analysis, expression prediction, and ranking through standard MCP interfaces for compatible AI platforms and clients. Given a promoter, ranked the 111 RBSs in the original data library by predicted expression.
- Designed 67 tests covering biological inputs, numerical calculations, evaluation isolation, and tool interfaces. Checked sequence coordinates, RNA structural energy, training/test element isolation, and prediction and candidate-ranking call chains to provide reproducible regression validation.
Promoter/RBS, TSS, RNA accessibility, ViennaRNA, XGBoost, OSTIR, grouped cross-validation, bootstrap, Python, MCP

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